Sunday Times 2
The robot brain to rule them all
Researchers have begun work on a giant ‘robot brain’ they say could be used by millions of machines around the world.
It will be a central store for everything from images to details of how to change a plug.
A robot's computer brain stores what it has learned in a form mathematicians call a Markov model. (reuters)
Hosted on a server so any robot can access it, the system is currently downloading and processing 1 billion images, 120,000 YouTube videos, and 100 million how-to documents and appliance manuals.
‘Robo Brain is a large-scale computational system that learns from publicly available Internet resources, computer simulations, and real-life robot trials,’ the researchers behind it say.
‘It accumulates everything robotics into a comprehensive and interconnected knowledge base.’
Applications include prototyping for robotics research, household robots, and self-driving cars, the team say.
The information is being translated and stored in a robot-friendly format that robots will be able to draw on when they need it.
To serve as helpers in our homes, offices and factories, robots will need to understand how the world works and how the humans around them behave.
Robotics researchers have been teaching them these things one at a time: How to find your keys, pour a drink, put away dishes, and when not to interrupt two people having a conversation. This will all come in one package with Robo Brain.
‘Our laptops and cell phones have access to all the information we want,’ said Ashutosh Saxena, assistant professor of computer science at Cornell University
If a robot encounters a situation it hasn’t seen before it can query Robo Brain in the cloud,’ .
Saxena and colleagues at Cornell, Stanford and Brown universities and the University of California, Berkeley, say Robo Brain will process images to pick out the objects in them, and by connecting images and video with text, it will learn to recognize objects and how they are used, along with human language and behavior.
If a robot sees a coffee mug, it can learn from Robo Brain not only that it’s a coffee mug, but also that liquids can be poured into or out of it, that it can be grasped by the handle, and that it must be carried upright when it is full, as opposed to when it is being carried from the dishwasher to the cupboard.
‘The Robo Brain will look like a gigantic, branching graph with abilities for multi-dimensional queries,’ said Aditya Jami, a visiting researcher art Cornell, who designed the large-scale database for the brain. Perhaps something that looks like a chart of relationships between Facebook friends, but more on the scale of the Milky Way Galaxy.
Like a human learner, Robo Brain will have teachers, thanks to crowdsourcing.
The Robo Brain website will display things the brain has learned, and visitors will be able to make additions and corrections.
© Daily Mail, London
| HOW THE ROBO-BRAIN LEARNS
The system employs what computer scientists call ‘structured deep learning,’ where information is stored in many levels of abstraction. Robo Brain knows that chairs are something you can sit on, but that a human can also sit on a stool, a bench or the lawn. The nodes could represent objects, actions or parts of an image, and each one is assigned a probability – how much you can vary it and still be correct. In searching for knowledge, a robot’s brain makes its own chain and looks for one in the knowledge base that matches within those limits. |