Optimising Battery Storage for Solar Energy Systems in Sri Lanka
The Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB) has recently announced plans to curtail energy generation from land-mounted solar plants during periods of low demand when generated energy cannot be effectively utilised. Additionally, they are considering making Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) mandatory for new rooftop solar installations. With these measures, the landscape of solar energy utilisation in Sri Lanka is poised for a significant transformation.
The likely introduction of Time of Use (ToU) tariffs and a reasonable export tariff for evening peak energy, further underscores the need for effective battery storage solutions. In this evolving scenario, it is crucial for both existing and prospective solar energy system users to understand the essential conditions required for the efficient use of battery storage.
Choosing the Right Battery Technology and voltage
The foundation of an efficient solar energy storage system lies in selecting the appropriate battery technology. Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries are the ideal choice, as lead-acid batteries are unsuitable for energy storage systems (ESS) due to their lower efficiency, shorter lifespan, and higher maintenance requirements. While single-phase residential systems will be able to use low voltage batteries, 3-phase power systems will need high voltage batteries. Additionally, all batteries should come with a local warranty and after-sales service support from the vendor, to ensure long-term reliability and performance.
Ensuring Optimal Battery Utilisation
To maximise battery life and achieve financial returns, batteries should ideally be cycled daily. A well-utilised battery can provide a sufficient return on investment, enabling replacement within seven to 10 years. Battery leasing options present an attractive alternative, offering affordability and eliminating concerns about battery replacement logistics.
Inverter Compatibility and Communication Protocols
An essential factor in a successful BESS setup is ensuring compatibility between the battery and the inverter. The inverter must support the required communication protocols to seamlessly integrate with the battery system. This compatibility allows for efficient energy management and extends the battery’s lifespan by optimising charge and discharge cycles. Consumers must insist on assurances from the vendors in this respect to avoid problems after a couple of years of system use.
Managing Battery Capacity with Software Solutions
For users opting for hybrid inverters, efficiently managing battery capacity is critical, especially if using less battery storage than ideally required. A robust and thoroughly tested software platform is necessary for this purpose. Cloud-hosted energy management solutions provided as Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) offerings can optimise battery usage while ensuring seamless integration with other system components.
Remote Monitoring and Post-Warranty Support
Remote monitoring capabilities offered by vendors are crucial for ensuring the battery remains in optimal working condition, particularly after the standard 5-year warranty period expires. Such monitoring allows for proactive maintenance, early detection of performance issues, and maximisation of battery efficiency.
Availability of Replacement Components
A reliable battery supplier should maintain a stock of essential replacement components, including LiFePO4 cells and Battery Management System (BMS) units. The ability to locally replace and repair these components ensures uninterrupted system operation and extends the battery’s effective lifespan.
Conclusion
With Sri Lanka’s solar energy landscape shifting towards battery storage, understanding and implementing the right strategies for battery selection, utilisation, and management is crucial. By choosing LiFePO4 batteries, ensuring inverter compatibility, leveraging cloud-based software solutions, and utilising remote monitoring, solar energy users can optimise their systems for long-term efficiency and financial viability. As the adoption of BESS grows, informed decision-making will be key to maximising the benefits of solar energy storage in both residential and commercial sectors.
(The writer is an Innovator and Patent holder for Energy Storage Systems (ESS), currently engaged as a Consultant on ESS. He can be contacted on jeremyF@smarthome.lk – https://www.linkedin.com/in/jeremy-fernando-miet-uk-24a385158/
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