What were you doing
in 1977?
Looking
back at 25 years since 1977 may in some ways be as silly as looking
back at 25 years since 1966. What was special about 1966? Nothing.
But if a nation can look back at 50 years past 1948 with some legitimate
feeling of attendant historicity, and if a nation can look back at
1956 and say that was a watershed year, 1977 cannot be ignored, especially
at the present time.
Some MPs celebrated
their 25th anniversary in parliament this year, which means that
they were elected in 1977 - but it seems we have a poor sense of
remembering events if somebody's 25 years in parliament is considered
more important than 25 years since J. R. Jayewardene enthroned the
ethos of the free market.
Not just that.
It is 25 years since Jayewardeneism changed the face of politics
and changed the course of history. Everybody is fighting the Jayewardene
constitution with so much venom today that they have no time or
use for anniversaries. But, it is 25 years since so many monstrosities
were grafted onto the social fabric of the nation.
But, it is
also 25 years since the market was 'liberalized'. Even Mervyn De
Silva who addressed Jayewardene with a jaunty 'Sir' and did so many
personal interviews with the man for the Lanka Guardian, said that
"Jayewardene succeeded in his economics, but failed in his
social policies which engendered conflicts such as the JVP uprising
and the war in the North East.''
But 25 years
since 1977 is not about Jayewardene. It is about change that is
palpable, and writ large. Gunadasa Amarasekera writes in Gananduru
Medi-yama Arunalu Dutu-wemu, that changes in the social contract
are not linear.
If feudalism
was usurped by capitalism it will not necessarily mean, despite
the fondest wishes of the Marxists, that capitalism will somehow
give way to Marxism as a logical process of social transformation.
He goes on to say that egalitarianism will come with the development
and transformation of human intellect. "Thamama siyalla badagena
kunuwena-wata wada, anun ha beda hadagena ke uthuya yana uttara
henguma ohu thula pahala wei; minisa samajavadi sankalpayen sajjitha
vu pudgalayeku bavata pathvei." Man will share, he says, rather
than rot, grabbing all for himself. At that point, there will be
socialism.
There is no
indication that this transformation will come soon, looking back
at the 25 years since the Sirimavo Bandranaike government of 70-77
was defeated. There is 21 years between 1956 and 1977, and there
is 25 years between 1977 and the present time.
Logically,
this would mean that the national condition would be far more influenced
by the post 1997 free market transformation, than it would be by
the Bandarnaike social revolution of 1956. Not to stress the obvious
that 1977 is closer to us by 25 years than 1956 is.
The exchequer
maybe poorer today than it was in 1956, and we may be in greater
debt, but put that down to the constant fluctuations of the global
markets. Since 25 years cannot be sized up by statistics, or by
reading C. A. Chandraprema's Kolapata samajaya (though that might
be useful) perhaps we should ask each individual how his life has
changed since 1977. American radio stations have this rather juvenile
habit of asking people where they were and what they did on the
day that John Kennedy (or Elvis Presley) died.
"What
happened to you since 1977?'' will be a more homegrown and sensible
response to a watershed event in our own past.
The recollections
will no doubt be suffused with images of conflict, guns, checkpoints
and bombs, or the sudden transformation of roads into race tracks
for Pajeros, or Coca Cola and cricket - or teledramas and chicken
meat balls.
But also, most
of the changes since 1977 will be felt in our lives, rather than
be recalled in our memories. Someone said over the week that "cohabitation'
between an Executive President and parliament is like 'getting into
bed with an elephant', because one partner is so much more powerful
than the other.
Trying to live
sedate lives unaffected by the changes since 1977 is even more like
getting into bed with an elephant.
When Gunadasa
Amarasekara was talking of an egalitarian transformation into socialism,
he wasn't saying it would come after 77. But he makes several references
to Francis Fukuyama and his book End of History, where Fukuyama
argues that liberalism and the free market will envelop the world
and there will be no further movements seeking social change.
So, if 1977
signaled the end of history for Sri Lanka, this is what we have.
It is not what we recall but what is happening in our lives.
The thing about
the post 1977 free market is that it is impossible not to get into
bed with this elephant (
and if there is any association of
ideas between the idiom and the electoral symbol of the UNP, that's
only coincidental.) Everything is defined by the market, and as
if that was not enough people tell us that the conflict in the North
East will be solved because of market imperatives - and Prabhakaran
confirms it by saying that he wants an open market economy for his
part of Sri Lanka.
That may even
leave hope among some that there will be an end to war, but what
about it, if this is the end of history? If Gunadasa Amarasekera
says socialism must result from a positive transformation of people's
minds, 1977 must be the point from which our intellects started
becoming collectively smaller. It's because crassness and avarice
seems to be everywhere - no roadside musical show passes without
a murder. There is no saying what mows down people faster - dangerous
drugs, or dangerous buses. In a cult of money, parliamentarians
are there to be bought. There is no need to make this sound like
a litany or a dirge. We have been there and we are all there - and
television has helped make us see this crassness clearer. But yet,
do we have a choice?
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