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Ondaatje's cathartic vision
Anil's Ghost by Michael Ondaatje. Reviewed by Andrea MacPherson.

Anil's Ghost is a small, sudden glimpse into the soul of award-winning poet and novelist Michael Ondaatje. In the much anticipated follow-up to his Booker Prize and Governor General's Award-winning novel, The English Patient, Ondaatje explores both the extravagant beauty and the horrific civil war of his homeland, Sri Lanka. With swift prose, we are immediately immersed in his cathartic vision of an island's haunting history.

Anil Tissera is a forensic anthropologist returning to her native Sri Lanka to explore the current campaign of terror and murder brought about by a vast ethnic war near the end of the 20th century. She has been educated abroad and has not returned to Sri Lanka in a number of years. She returns to find the countryside torn apart by mass graves, night patrols and government interrogations. With the help of Sarath Diyasenaa, an archaeologist, Anil discovers bodies, skeletons and the beginnings of complex political mystery.

Anil and Sarath probe deeper into the mystery of the skeleton they have named Sailor, and find allies in forgotten members of Sri Lankan culture, such as Sarath's brother Gamini, the blind epigraphist Palipana and his young caretaker, and Ananda, a drunken widower with the abilities to paint death and restructure man. Ondaatje allows the reader to witness Sri Lanka through the dream-like perceptions of these characters.

These were discoveries made during the worst political times, alongside a thousand little dirty acts of race and politics, gang madness and financial gain. War having come this far like a poison into the bloodstream could not get out.

Those images in caves through the smoke and firelight. The night interrogations, the vans in daylight picking up citizens at random. That man he had seen taken away on a bicycle. Mass disappearances at Suriyakanda, reports of mass graves at Ankumbura, mass graves at Akmeemana. Half the world, it felt, was being buried, the truth hidden by fear, while the past revealed itself in the light of a burning rhododendron bush.

However, don't expect a novel like Ondaatje's previous work, The English Patient, In the Skin of a Lion and Coming Through Slaughter. With Anil's Ghost, Ondaatje has abandoned some of the dense, lush prose. While his trademark poetic language remains, more dialogue and straight away narrative are included through this latest novel. As Anil's Ghost is less concerned with the intricate, intimate lives of its characters and more inspired by the heavy political climate of his homeland, it is perhaps out of necessity that Ondaatje has chosen to use crisp, clean prose when dealing with a subject as complex as the civil uprisings in Sri Lanka.

There is a constant ebb and flow of characters directly involved with the civil war; these characters range from murder victims to doctors to anthropologists to forgotten artists. While they remain somewhat distanced from the reader, they do serve Ondaatje's purpose of examining the inhabitants of this tiny island. However, this tactic is not without fault. Some major plot lines and characters are dealt with too swiftly, in almost a summary manner as we race towards more political commentary. At times, the characters and their tenuous lives seem forgotten in the mass of plot and politics compiled within Anil's Ghost.

In Anil's Ghost, Ondaatje dissects the secret enemies, identity, memory, family and turbulent past of a lush country caught in the throes of murder, betrayal and warfare. He examines and unfolds the intricate layers that make up Sri Lanka and its tumultuous inhabitants. From the intensity and urgency of this novel it becomes apparent that the dark history of Sri Lanka touches Ondaatje close as bone, resulting in a book he was compelled to write. And while this personal purge seems as though it may have been essential for the author, it doesn't create quite the same journey for the reader.

The JVP: Elusive dreams and schemes
The Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna popularly known as the JVP entered mainstream politics with the election of ten of its members to Parliament in 2000. How was it that a political party so insular, absolutist and supposedly adhering to outdated Marxist dogma, was able to muster enough support to enter Parliament?

One obvious reason would be the frustrations created by a stagnant economy. The resultant poverty breeds movements like the JVP, which offer simplistic solutions. The JVP with its anti-system focus is irrestible to the desperate.

Socialism and the theory of a planned economy is the biggest false dawn of the 20th century. Marx concluded that from the time that man was able to produce a surplus, a class system evolved with the controlling class usurping the surplus created by the controlled. History, he declared is the record of the continuous struggle between the classes on the opposite sides of the means of production. The slave owner versus the slave, the feudal lord versus the serf, the capitalist versus the worker, etc. Marx saw that Industrialisation which was then developing rapidly in Europe was making it possible for there to be relative prosperity for all. This has been the dream of social thinkers through the ages. We now had the economic system that provided us the means to achieve it. The only impediment to achieving it was the class conflict which denied the working class the fruits of its labour. The Marxist answer was the Communist party which would organise and lead the workers in their triumphant march and then play the role of the conscious moulder of history by working towards creating a classless society.

One can imagine the deep impact Marxism made on the disadvantaged classes, the intellectuals and students. Here in one doctrine was an acceptable explanation of history, a call to arms and a promised land. Some of the most idealistic, intelligent and capable men of that time rallied to the call of Marxism and set in motion the communist movement.

A home grown insular youth movement came to be known as the JVP. Unlike the old left it cannot boast of leaders of any eminence or stature. Only a few among them have ever held a job. The JVP's main recruiting method is a so-called series of lectures which purports to teach everything you need to know about politics. A more perceptive and intelligent audience would have laughed these pretentious lecturers off the stage. To be naive and easily led are not qualities to be admired. The future belongs to those who can think independently and be ahead of developments. One very discernible feature of our national psyche is its narrow outlook. Historically, island nations generally were isolated from international trends. After we became a British colony we were more exposed to the world and benefited from it. Visions of atavistic revisitations from the misty past hold sway in the minds of most national thinkers of our country. This pre-occupation with the past is the clearest evidence of the bankruptcy of the present generations. It is also a direct anti-thesis of the Marxist proposition of the progression of class conflict.

Our ancestors were functioning in very different circumstances facing vastly different problems. It is ignorant and silly to offer solutions from an imagined history to modern problems. That is what the JVP often resorts to.

There is no doubt that a party like the JVP could only thrive in a country like Sri Lanka. It needs that sad combination of ignorance, narrowness and fatalism that we provide. It is a creation of our infantilism.
Ravi Perera

Laugh Zone
The check-up
A 60-year-old man went to the doctor for a check-up. The doctor told him, "You're in terrific shape. There's nothing wrong with you. Why, you might live forever. You have the body of a 35 year old. By the way, how old was your father when he died?"

The 60 year old responded, "Who said he was dead?" The doctor was surprised and asked, "How old is he and is he very active?" The 60 year old responded, "Well, he is 82 years old and he still goes skiing three times a season and surfing three times a week during the summer." The doctor couldn't believe it. "Well, how old was your grandfather when he died?" The 60 year old responded again, "Who said he was dead?" The doctor was astonished. He said, "You mean to tell me you are 60 years old and both your father and your grandfather are alive? Is your grandfather very active?" The 60 year old said, "He goes skiing at least once a season and surfing once a week during the summer. Not only that," said the patient, "my grandfather is 106 years old, and next week he is getting married again." The doctor said, "At 106 years old, why on earth would your grandfather want to get married?" His patient looked up at the doctor and said, "Who said he wanted to?"

Word count
A New Yorker was forced to take a day off from work to appear for a minor traffic summons. He grew increasingly restless as he waited hour after endless hour for his case to be heard. When his name was called late in the afternoon, he stood before the judge, only to hear that court would be adjourned for the rest of the afternoon and he would have to return the next day. "WHAT FOR?!?!?" he snapped at the judge. The Judge, equally irked by a tedious day and sharp query, roared out loud: "Twenty dollars contempt of court! That's why!" Then, noticing the man checking his wallet, the judge relented: "That's all right. You don't have to pay now." The guy replied... "I know - I'm just seeing if I have enough for 2 more words!"

Lost at sea
Two men were adrift in a lifeboat following a dramatic escape from a burning freight vessel. While rummaging through the boat's provisions, one of the men stumbled across an old lamp.

Secretly hoping that a Genie would appear, he rubbed the lamp vigorously. To the amazement of the castaways, one did come forth. This particular Genie, however, stated that he could only deliver one wish, not the standard three.

Without giving much thought to the matter the man blurted out, "Make the entire ocean into beer!" Immediately the Genie clapped his hands with a deafening crash, and the entire sea turned into the finest brew ever sampled by mortals.

Simultaneously, the Genie vanished to his freedom. Only the gentle lapping of beer on the hull broke the stillness as the two men considered their circumstances. The other man looked disgustedly at the one whose wish had been granted. After a long, tension-filled moment, he spoke: "Nice going! Now we're going to have to pee in the boat."


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