Funday Times - Mahavamsa

The influence of the King of Kannadi
This article is part of a continuing series on the ‘Mahavamsa,’ the recorded chronicle of Sri Lankan history
By Halaliye Karunathilake Edited and translated by Kamala Silva Illustrated by Saman Kalubowila

1. In the early part of his rule, even King Parakramabahu VI's kingdom was attacked. That was by the army of the Emperor of Vijayanagar. In our local records, he is described as King Kannadi. This was because the language of the people was Kannadi. This kingdom was in Deccan and it was in 1336 AD, that the two brothers, Harihara and Bukta, built this empire.

2. Decades before that Muslims occupied this territory. They occupied the southern areas of the river Thungabadra. They too had their armies. The two brothers, Harihara and Bukta, attacked the Muslims and chased them away. They managed to expand their kingdom in this manner. The Muslims possessed naval power too and Vijayanagar was the only empire, which could fight against them. Vijayanagar was the main centre of the Hindus.

3. At that time, Vijayanagar became the centre of the spread of Hindu power and it was constantly engaged in conquering other areas. At the early stages they conquered the kingdoms of the Cholas and the Pandyans. Then they advanced to the south and conquered the kingdom of the Sultan of Madhura in 1371 AD.

4. Vijayanagar was an erstwhile or arch enemy of the Muslims. Their one main concern was to crush Muslim power. They had not attempted so far to exert any pressure on Lanka. The kings who
preceded King Parakramabahu VI, have had relations with Vijayanagar. A Muslim historian named 'Ferishta' confirms this.

5. According to him, there were ambassadors sent by the Vijayanagar emperor, in most of the neighbouring kings' courts, including that of Lanka. These kings had sent valuable gifts to the emperor annually but they were not regarded as tribute. However, the kings of Lanka were friendly with the
neighbouring Hindu power. But in some records of the son of the third emperor of Vijayanagar,who was Virupaaksha by name, there is mention to the effect, that they defeated Lanka. This was in 1377 AD and 1404 AD.

6. Whatever was stolen from Lanka by Virupaaksha had been sent to the father. Among those things, had been gems and valuable ornaments. It is also said that he got a pillar erected in Lanka, to testify their victory. It is further mentioned that, at Rameshwaran, he had put gold on one side of the balance, when he weighed himself. 'Nunis,' the Portuguese author says it was Virupaaksha who went by the name Ajaram. A person, named 'Sailo,' too had helped in these conquests.

7. As the Vijayanagar empire declined in power, all the subordinate states rose in revolt. Some scholars believe that during the time of King Buwanekabahu V, Alakeshwara would have defeated armies connected to Virupaaksha. This however, cannot be the complete truth. According to some statements in the writings of Vijayanagar, this can be the kingdom in the North. We have no historical evidence to prove this and there is no mention at all about this, in our local records.

8. During the time of King Devaraya II, it was 'Lakkannadanda' who was the ruler of Madhura. This was between 1422 – 1426. It is reported that he had sent an army (cavalry) to defeat Jaffna and other areas of Lanka.

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